Crisis Intervention Issues Essay Example for Free

Emergency Intervention Issues Essay Advisors and others in the helping calling assume a significant job in the midst of individual emergency, for example, rough wrongdoings or mass emergency, for example, enormous scope calamity circumstances by encouraging the analysis and treatment of pyschosocial issue among populaces that have been straightforwardly or by implication damaged by basic occasions. Gladding (2008, p. 246) takes note of that emergency guiding frequently includes episodes where there is a feeling of misfortune or pain, and is thusly planned for helping customers to recapture a feeling of commonality so as to proceed onward with their lives. Be that as it may, there are occasions when advisors are antagonistically influenced by their work with damaged customers. Sexton (1999, p. 393) takes note of that guides and advisors who are continually presented to â€Å"reports of injury, loathsomeness, human pitilessness, and extraordinary loss† become helpless against encountering the â€Å"feelings of dread, torment and enduring like their clients† that at last influences their capacity to give directing administrations. Among the issues that advisors face over the span of their emergency intercession endeavors is the danger of countertransference and vicarious injury. Countertransference alludes to the counselors’ propensity to either dodge sympathy or to excessively relate to the customer as a type of safeguard mechanim. Evasion responses are regularly showed through the counselor’s â€Å"denial, minimisation, mutilation, counter phobic responses, separation and withdrawal from a decided stance† (Ibid, p. 394). Conversely, over-distinguishing proof frequently leads into the overinvolvement of the guide with the client’s encounters to the point that the advocate may feel glorify the client’s encounters and feel blame for not having the option to stretch out more assistance to the customer (Ibid). Therefore, countertransference frequently obstructs the remedial relationship as the counselor’s neglects to feel sympathy for the customer. Sympathy is especially significant in emergency intercession as it empowers the advisor to effectively evaluate the customer circumstance and bolster the customer with authoritative activity plans for recuperation (Gladding 2008, p. 248). Without sympathy, customer government assistance is undermined by the powerlessness of the guide to recognize the client’s issues from the client’s viewpoint, which could prompt inaccurate or insufficient help and activity from the advocate. In the interim, vicarious injury among advisors happens because of the â€Å"accumulation of encounters across numerous treatment situations† (Sexton 1999, p. 395). Vicarious injury impacts the counselor’s helping connections as well as stretches out to different zones of their expert and individual life. The impacts of vicarious injury incorporate the improvement of uneasiness and post-horrendous condition issue (PTSD) indications and other psychosocial issue by the guide. Sadly, larger part of instructors are powerless against the danger of vicarious injury (Ibid, p. 396). Henceforth, the individuals who work amidst enormous scope emergencies occasions are unmistakably at a more serious hazard because of the size of frightfulness, misfortune, and pitilessness that they are presented to through roundabout and direct encounters of their customers and themselves. Subsequently, the vicarious injury of guides not just prevents them from working viably in helping connections however renders them unfit to proceed with their associations with customers as they become people needing treatment and advising themselves. Then again, there are methods of diminishing the dangers of countertransference and vicarious injury. Sexton (1999, p. 396) note that advocates must take part in steady self-assessment for the side effects of emergency mediation issues so as to recognize and resolve issues right on time without anyone else or with the assistance of other advising experts. This guarantees the counsellor’s affirmation of his/her own psychosocial wellbeing which is significant in defending customer prosperity and interests. Therefore, it is significant for guides and other helping experts to know about the best possible treatment of emergency mediation issues they may go up against while during the time spent helping other people recuperate and remake their lives after a horrible occurrence. Works Cited: Gladding, S. T. (2008). Guiding: a thorough calling. New Jersey: Merrill-Prentice Hall/Pearson. Sexton, L. (1999). Vicarious traumatisation of guides and impacts on their work environments. English Journal of Guidance and Counseling, 27(3):393-403.

Working in Human Service Organization

Question: Examine about the Working in Human Service Organization. Answer: Presentation The present article spins around the hierarchical practice in human help associations. It has been recognized that the laborers who are utilized in human help associations need to keep a lot of rules and hard working attitudes. These principles and morals could in some cases be powerless for the representatives themselves. The laborers in human assistance association by and large ought to cling to the pledge to managers just as utilizing associations. The laborers should improve the utilizing agencys arrangements and methods the proficiency and viability of their administrations. What's more, social specialists should find a way to guarantee that businesses know about the social laborers moral commitment. The individuals who work in human help association will in general act to forestall just as overlook separations in associations work task and tits business. Along these lines, it very well may be referenced that representatives in human help associations need to manage the specific weight that emerge because of the severe principles and approaches. Moreover, it has likewise been distinguished that numerous area of the code assists with recognizing that human help authoritative work practice could deliver the contentions between the laborers and the office. These issues or the purposes of contentions have for quite some time been perceived dependent on the calling just as it keeps on representing the test to the conditions and the idea of the training. The present exposition gives a paper with respect to the sort of obligations and duties, the laborers will in general do being utilized in the associations. In like manner, the article reaches out to the conversation of the significant opposing weights that worker need to adjust. The work rehearses are examined with systems identified with the theme. The article additionally gives a concentrated conversation on the hypotheses, for example, oversights, guiding and self-care. Notwithstanding all these, the paper consolidated a brief on mental variables that could impact the presentation in human assistance associations. Foundation of laborers in human help associations It has been distinguished that human help associations will in general utilize countless specialists family scope of abilities work job. As set forward by Beresford (2010) four fundamental players in complex associations including the expert, the trough and the help laborers and the pioneers. This specialization depends on the comprehension of thee force and this could just happen in those associations that enlist the exceptionally talented individuals. Such association could rely upon the change of information and data. It for the most part orders every one of the businesses in regard to the expert just as association capabilities. The specialization could create prototype jobs and these are available inside the social work association. While perceiving the zone of the network fitness, two extra players, for example, the volunteer and the customer can be consolidated into the mapping. These players may not generally be the workers of the associations, however they could get a few ad vantages for being engaged with the hierarchical exercises. Consequently, the advantages come in the structure benefits that they get and the chance to pick up aptitudes. Actually, Corcoran and Roberts (2015) referenced that bleeding edge laborers are normally considered as being at the Coal Face of human assistance exercises. It is seen that these are the individuals that have the most contact with the administration clients just as who subsequently have the impressive network fitness. On the other hand, Gabler and Hill (2015) referenced that social just as human help associations will in general work with the absolute generally delicate just as in danger populace that could incorporate the older, the destitute just as low salary families. Notwithstanding these, the human assistance association additionally offers the types of assistance to individuals with handicaps, and the individuals who are experiencing abusive behavior at home. Along these lines, if an association is offering the types of assistance this sort of populace out of luck or work with or as the section, an administration office planned for aiding the less blessed, the association sho uld hazard uncovering the laborers (Gallina, 2010). The association should enroll individuals who are with flawed character while serving these populaces of individuals. In addition, any such episode put the individuals in peril as well as could significantly discolor the picture of the association. Hence, it is fundamental for the human help association to check or distinguish the foundation of the laborers who wish to work in human assistance associations. The laborers with numerous individuals and non-benefit associations with social just as human assistance objectives go to checked volunteers for foundation screening. This could limit the odds of hazard and increment the nature of human administrations. Each association in this specific classification or the business should consider recruiting individuals who are naturally spotless with no criminal record. As set forward by Guerci et al., (2015), the social work and the human help workforce association, particularly in the network administration industry has utilized a lower level of the laborers with post-school capability in examination with other workforce division. For instance, the training is lined up with wellbeing proficient. Key conflicting weights laborers need to adjust Human assistance laborers need to give a scope of administrations targeting upgrading casualties life. Thus, the kind of administrations they give could fluctuate by customer gathering, the sort of association that enlists the laborers just as their job in the organization. Notwithstanding, the human help laborers will in general perform a significant number of similar classes of the undertakings, where they assess people needs just as make a treatment plan. In any case, it is seen that laborers who work in human assistance associations need to execute or keep certain principles and techniques that occasionally squeezed the laborers. Subsequently, the representatives may lose certainty and their nature of execution may diminish. Individual issue The laborers regularly experience the ill effects of various individual issues, for example, affliction, weight of running a join family, semantic issue, culture issues and others that could hamper the exhibition of the workers. As referenced by Jeane (2013), as the associations regularly keep up a differing workforce and manufacture a positive culture, the representatives could feel feeling of cynicism. For instance, a few people may think as they have a place with an alternate culture, they are given a bigger number of needs than others are. Likewise, the a few people face the troubles of language. At the point when different representatives in the working environment are acceptable at speaking with individuals and getting evaluation words from others, the individuals who fall behind in this setting may get themselves far from others. This could build their weakness and alienation. While giving the human administrations to other people, they may need certainty. In addition, the language boundary could be a significant issue for the laborers in social assistance association (Ozanne Rose, 2013). For instance, if the laborers should manage the individuals who communicate in an alternate language, they probably won't have the option to comprehend the issues and discover arrangements. In this manner, the customers might be unsettled, which could be an outside weight for the representatives in administration association. Also, the individuals who think that its hard to blend in with individuals who have a place with the diverse culture may secure their position troublesome, as in social assistance part, the laborers should meet individuals who may not be from a similar culture. Work life balance-People regularly talk about the criticalness of achieving the subtle work life balance. In any case, Ramos et al., (2015) remarked that individuals are in the surge of finding the ideal equalization unrealistic fantasy a squandered exertion. In the period, the quick paced work environment, a large portion of the individuals are approached to do quicker with restricted assets. Thus, there could be more strain to be compelling and effective. Subsequently, the work is by all accounts praiseworthy and life is relied upon to consummate with youngsters and satisfying individual side interests just as take a decent consideration of material science. Be that as it may, it is hard for the representatives to keep up this money owed to some authoritative practice. Particularly, when the associations manufacture various classes of rules and methodology, the representatives think that its hard to adapt up. Also, in certain associations work move are not adaptable and alterable; thus, the laborers think that its hard to deal with their own life. They in the end experience the ill effects of expanded weight and weight. Moreover, when it come to offer the human administrations, the work practice could be minimal inflexible and not variable. In this specific area, the representatives frequently need to manage the desperation or crisis circumstances. As the outcome, the issue of their own life stays uncertain (Tablan, 2014). Authoritative arrangement It is seen that because of the nonappearance of open administration style in human assistance association, the representatives need to experience a brutal calendar of work. At the point when the association set some specific target or the objectives, the workers are approached to perform lining up with the objectives. This could be an inward weight for the laborers. Because of the dictatorial authority style in the administration association, the representatives don't discover comfort in imparting their own issues to the pioneers (Haynes, 2015). The laborers continue playing out their obligations, which inevitably make them unpleasant. As examined before, in many segment of the codes of work rehearses created by the association, could deliver clashes between the expert just as the organization. As the workers are tied with the morals, now and then creation a moral choice may not be as straightforward as it I

How to Write a Great Research Paper

How to Write a Great Research PaperIf you're looking for advice on how to write a great research paper, then read this article. First of all, you should know that it's not difficult to write a great research paper. The secret is to be organized. This article will help you with that.To start with, before writing your research paper, you must set goals and the way to accomplish them. These goals must be made in the context of a particular project. The project can be any type of project that you are doing for school or college. The most important thing is that the goal should be clear and measurable. These two things go hand in hand.In addition, you should set a certain time limit in which you have to finish your paper. If the deadline is really not flexible, then it will cause undue stress in your project. Any research paper will need to be proofread by several people before it's accepted for publication in a journal or a book.It's essential to plan your research in advance and this in cludes how you are going to tackle the research. When writing your research report, the first thing that you need to do is write a research outline. This is basically a map or blueprint of your entire project. The first thing that you should do is write a research outline so that everything would be on the same page.The next step is to prepare a research table so that the information will flow easily and that will be the main structure of your research. You should also prepare a research map so that all the points can be easily grasped. You should also ensure that the research is presented in an understandable manner so that the reader will follow your directions. You should also consider writing an introduction and a conclusion.You should write up the outline of your research paper before actually starting to do the work. This will help you organize the report. Moreover, a good research paper is easily understandable because it has a clear direction and this can be provided by the outline.When writing a research paper, it's essential to remember that there is no point in writing the paper unless you can effectively communicate what you want to say. This can be very frustrating especially if you're not good at writing. If you are not very good at writing, then take a class to improve your writing skills. You can also seek professional help. There are a lot of writers who are ready to help you in getting a good paper.Overall, writing a great research paper will require a lot of hard work and some research. It's also possible that some parts of your paper may need editing and this may take a long time. However, when writing a research paper, you have to keep in mind that it requires a lot of patience, it takes time and it is definitely worth it.

On the Latest Development of Modern English Vocabulary

On the Latest Development of Modern English Vocabulary Abstractï ¼Å¡ As one of the three elements of language, vocabulary is sensitive to the fastest change. Modern English vocabulary distributed in many areas always keeps developing. Though scholars at home and abroad make great progress on English new words, it is far from satisfaction. This paper, which is based on the previous findings, begins with the definition of English new words and its study actuality. As new vocabulary is a mirror of social development, the source of its improvement distributes in more than ten semantic fields reflecting the ever-changing contemporary world in an all-round way. Besides, the paper investigates the formation of English new words which is on the†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"Henry James is afraid he is wholly unable to aid me in collecting words either of his own invention or of anyone else’s.† (Gao, 1998, p.11). The existing lexicology thinks little of modern English new vocabulary. The reasons are just like follows: firstly, uncerta inty on the definition and scale of new words; Secondly, incompleteness on the collecting of new words; lastly, without authority standard and few is edited into dictionaries and books (Deng, 2005, p.49). However, as professor Wang Rongpei said, â€Å"As for new words, we cannot ignore them just because they haven’t been edited into dictionaries or accepted by the Standard English† (2006). We should attach importance to its development, formation and trend. 3. The Sources of English New Words New words are being invented or introduced all the time. Sometimes a new word is produced by a single person only, in some special situations. These words are called nonce words used only once or coined for one particular occasion, and never occur again. Sometimes a new word coined by a single speaker is used by a small group, such as the staff of the institution, and exists for a time without gaining any wider circulation. Sometimes a new word is coined by a number of people; such a word becomes an accepted part of language, and is fixed in a dictionary. When a new product is made, a new conception comes in man’s thought, and a new name must be found, that is, a newShow MoreRelatedOld English Period1121 Words   |  5 PagesOld English (450-1100 AD) Old English was the language the invading Germanic Tribes spoke in Britain. Old English did not sound or look like English today. Nevertheless, about half of the most commonly used words in Modern English were derived from Old English words. Some example of words taken from Old English are be, strong and water. Old English was popular until around 1100. When the Romans withdrew from England in the early 5th century, they left a political vacuum. The Celts ofRead MoreThe best teaching aid is a piece of chalk1458 Words   |  6 Pages â€Å"What else?† would be their common response. Today, however, teaching aids abound. From a simple letter set painstakingly cut out by a devoted teacher, through electronic projection equipment, DVD sound systems, televisions and computers, to the latest interactive whiteboard, they introduce a wealth of variety and differing impact to today’s classroom. Any discussion of this statement will therefore be remiss if I do not introduce and examine some available alternatives and their benefits and limitationsRead MoreThe Causes of Semantic Change1637 Words   |  7 Pages And yet a thorough understanding of the phenomena involved .in semantic change is impossible unless the whys and wherefores become known. This is of primary importance as it may lead eventually to a clearer, interpretation of language development. The vocabulary is the most flexible part of the language and it is precisely its semantic aspect that responds most readily to every change in the human activity in whatever sphere it may happen to take place. The causes of semantic changes may be groupedRead MoreHow Hip Hop Is The Rapid Development Of Its Lexicons Essay2002 Words   |  9 PagesOne of the most obvious signs of a changing language is the rapid development of its lexicons. As society changes, so does its language. American dictionaries have been expanding vastly over the past thirty years, with words created for many different purposes. Words are created for many different reasons including scientific use, technological advances, and lastly, words that are created in contemporary culture. Expressions that have been created by the youth have become such a part of AmericanRead MoreThe Main Problems of Lexicography4849 Words   |  20 PagesThe main problems of lexicography The most burning issues of lexicography are connected with the selection of head-words, the arrangement and contents of the vocabulary entry, the principles of sense definitions and the semantic and functional classification of words. In the first place it is the problem of how far a general descriptive dictionary, whether unilingual or bilingual, should admit the historical element. In fact, the term current usage† is disconcertingly elastic, it may, for instanceRead MoreEducation: The Imperative Need for Earlier Foreign Language Study 2223 Words   |  9 Pagesfamiliarize, and prepare students to communicate with non-English speakers in a polylingual world. If they don’t, the system will constrict the futures of many through the erasure of teaching additional languages. In the very rarely admitted truth that most Americans do not wish to hear, English is not the most commonly spoken language. Therefore, Arizona needs to quit acting like it is the only spoken language. 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This is because both parents and children can benefit by learning the language together. Despite these advantages, it is not always easy for parents to find timeRead MoreThe Impact of English Language on Contemporary World: a Global Perspective5257 Words   |  22 PagesIMPACT OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE ON CONTEMPORARY WORLD: A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE G. RAJA SEKHAR* *Assistant Professor, Department of English, Krishnaveni Engineering College, Narasaraopet, Andhra Pradesh, India. ABSTRACT Language has been affected by the significant trend of globalization considerably in the last two decades. Literally, we have revolutionary changes in communication and technology in 21st century and language has played a vital role to enable us to achieve and experience these developments. It isRead MoreThe Debate Over Target Language2654 Words   |  11 Pages1988, which separated the study of modern foreign languages (MFL) into four skill areas, (speaking, listening, writing and reading) with a key emphasis on practical communication (Meiring, Norman, 2002). The latest subject specific Ofsted report for MFL highlights the ineffective use of TL in the classroom as a key feature in weak teaching. The report indicates that only using the TL for ‘organisational matters and for praise’ and resorting to ‘immediate English transl ations’, and not providing the

Theme Of Fear In Things Fall Apart - 775 Words

Fear played a big role in Things Fall Apart. Mainly fear was seen ruling Okonkwo’s life, but also a couple of the other inhabitants of Umuofia. It was seen in many situations dictating the characters’ actions. Each of the character’s actions then led up to the understanding of the theme in Things Fall Apart, fear can dictate choices. Through the narrator’s thoughts, the theme was initially found. For example, in the text, Achebe states, â€Å"Perhaps down in his heart Okonkwo was not a cruel man. But his whole life was dominated by fear, the fear of failure and weakness. It was not external but lay deep within himself lest he should be found to resemble his father† (Achebe 13). The narrator’s thought allows the reader to determine that all†¦show more content†¦In a time of need, Okonkwo decides to improve his exterior image, instead of being the true father that Ikemefuna thought he was. A true father would have put his son before anything else and would have tried to keep Ikemefuna out of such a fatal situation. Lastly, Achebe states, â€Å"Obierika, who had been gazing steadily at his friend’s dangling body, turned suddenly to the District Commisioner and said ferociously: ‘That man was one of the greatest men in Umuofia. You drove him to kill himself’† ( 208). Okonkwo knows his clan won’t go to war and he does not want to continue to be a part of such a weak clan. Though his life’s purpose was to be nothing like his father, he is viewed as even weaker than Unoka. Since, suicide is â€Å"an abomination for a man to take his own life† (207). Through Okonkwo’s actions, the theme is clearly highlighted. Not only is the theme underlined through Okonkwo’s actions, but also through the other character’s actions. In the text it states,†A strange and sudden weakness descended on Ekwefi†¦Ezinma’s voice soon faded away and only Chielo was heard moving father and farther in the distance†¦ ‘I am following Chielo,’ she replied and disappeared in the darkness’† (Achebe 101-103). Ekwefi fears of losing her only daughter, Ezinma. Instead of being fearful of Chielo and the gods, she finds the nerve follow Chielo. In this scenario, she doesn’t allow the fear of the gods get to her head, but instead uses the fear of losing herShow MoreRelatedChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart1164 Words   |  5 PagesPardis Kianoush Western Civilization II Nicole Watkins 11/26/2014 Things Fall Apart Things Fall Apart, written by Chinua Achebe is a story which follows the life and foreshadowed downfall of Okonkwo, a respected warrior in his Umuofia clan in Nigeria. Disgusted by his late father, Unoka, and the reputation of incompetence and laziness he left behind, Okonkwo was determined to not let history repeat itself. He worked diligently and became a wealthy patriarch for his family. The beginning of Okonkwo’sRead MoreThings Fall Apart By Chinua Achebe901 Words   |  4 PagesThings Fall Apart Africa is the most diverse continent on this planet, linguistically speaking. There are thousands of languages spoken within many different cultures of people in Africa. Although most of Africa received freedom in mid-late 20th century, it has a very rich history and a strong background on which it is built. After colonization of Africa by the Europeans, the Europeans and their writings looked at Africa as having no diversity or culture in its colonized stage. Things Fall ApartRead MoreFahrenheit 451 Comparison Essay1698 Words   |  7 Pageshistory books and literary classics such as Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury and Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe. In Fahrenheit 451, the main character, Guy Montag is fighting against the technological revolution taking place in the 23rd century. He battles with a society full of censorship, where everyone is too caught up with their new gadgets to have meaningful conversations. Okwonko, the main character of Things Fall Apart, is also fightin g a battle, a battle against the Europeans who are invadingRead MoreThe Struggle Between Tradition and Change1056 Words   |  5 PagesOctober 17, 2012 In Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe, the reader is taken on a literary journey to a Nigerian tribe, the Umuofia, to experience first-hand the struggles of a warrior named Okonkwo. At first glance, the novel appears to be written for a very specific audience: scholars familiar with Nigerian history, traditions, and culture. However, upon further examination the novel reveals itself to be a striking chronicle of human experiences, universal themes, and timeless struggles thatRead MoreThe Power of Fear in Things Fall Apart Essays1039 Words   |  5 Pages The Power of Fear in Things Fall Apart In the novel Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe, the theme of the power of fear is presented throughout the whole book and is mainly expressed in the main character, Okonkwo. Okonkwo strives all of his life to become a stronger, more powerful, and a successful individual. He wants to do this because his father was a slack and lazy person who lived most of his life in debt and had no titles to his name. People often looked at his father as a women figureRead MoreKite Runner1198 Words   |  5 PagesAnnabelle Curtis Curtis 1 English Universal Theme The Fragility of Father-Son Relationships â€Å"Children aren’t coloring books. You don’t get to fill them with your favorite colors† (Hosseini 21). Rahim Khan said to Baba when he talks about Amir lacking manly qualities; he explains to Baba that he shouldn’t force a child to be like them. All fathers’ parenting style is different from a mothers’ parenting style when it comes to a male child. What a male child need the most is hisRead MoreAnjalique Raghunauth. Mr. Maclachlan. Eng3Uo. January 20Th,1433 Words   |  6 Pagesmaterial provider, and on the other he has his fear of weakness and failure, that leads to his downfall. In a way he is considered a tragic hero. A tragic hero holds a position of power and prestige, chooses his course of action, possesses a tragic flaw, and gains awareness of circumstances that lead to his fall. Okonkwo s tragic flaw is his fear of weakness, failure and his refusal to accept change. He is demonstrated in the beginning as a cold hearted fear less man. 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Achebe purposefully wrote this novel in English instead of Igbo language because he wanted the perspective shared across Europe to defeat previously construed beliefs of theRead MoreChinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart Essay1740 Words   |  7 Pages In the novel, Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe, the setting sets forth in Umofia, a lower Nigerian Tribe and Mbanta, Okonkwo’s motherâ⠂¬â„¢s kinsmen. The novel begins with a man, whose name is Okonkwo, a noble warrior, resides in Umofia, with his three wives and nine children. Okonkwo is haunted by his father, Unoka’s disgraceful past. Okonkwo desires his son to be a tough, powerful warrior. Thus, this being said causes havoc upon Okonkwo’s families, tearing Nwoye and Okonkwo apart. Meanwhile, missionaries

Lack Of Privacy In 1984 Essay Example For Students

Lack Of Privacy In 1984 Essay The first person that I have interviewed is Ella, she is an NYU Graduate who is working as a Web Designer and is earning approximately $45,000 a year. She lives in Brooklyn, New York for seven years. Ella claims that she liked Dodge Grand Caravan as her first choice. First of all, she likes the ad because its a family car that serves/fits all her needs. Secondly, she likes this ad because the color red is her favorite color. According to Ellas interpretation, she feels that by looking at the advertisement about the Dodge Grand Caravan a person will get all the explanation he/she needs. Her second choice was Volvo which looks like a very nice car, but does not apply to the need of a customer. She would prefer to know the features that the car is offering. She feels that the name of the brand is hidden because its all the way on top and on the edge that it would not be visible to the eye of the customer. Her third choice was Ford Expedition, because looking at the magazine ad she feels that it explains the variation of the car. However, she thinks that the ad does not apply why it was advertised for and that there is not enough description to the car. Her fourth choice was Suzuki, because she claims that the ad itself takes a person attention. Therefore, she also liked that the typeface S and Suzuki overlaps on top of each other. Her Fifth choice was Toyota, because she thinks its a nice looking car, but the theme that was used for this ad is a little bit funny. She feels that way because the theme does not fit to the description of the car. Her suggestion for this ad is to create more ideas, (i.e. the name of the brand should be visible; the slogan should be different in the sense that it should apply to the description of the car). Svetlana KhanimovaThe second person that I have interviewed is Milana. She is a 22 years old nurse from Brooklyn, N.Y. Milana earns about $50,000 a year she likes to play volleyball and read novels in her spare time. Her first choice was the All new Dodge Grand Caravan, because of two reasons: First of all she said thats its a big family car and it is red color which caught her attention very fast. Second, this model contains a lot of details that can help her get as much information as she needs. Her second choice was Ford Expedition, because it gave her a good impression since she likes to travel a lot and therefore this appearance fulfills her needs. She feels that this car ad claims that it can handle traveling. In addition, it has different models and nice logo. She feels that this advertisement needs to put more information about this model. Her third choice was Suzuki, because the liked the comparison between the Suzuki and the cheetah, which transforms into high speed. In add ition, she feels that the car is luxurious and big enough for the family. Also it gives enough information and has a good description of the car. Her forth choice is Volvo; she claims that it is a powerful car and can handle all the roads. She likes what it says on the side Volvo for life, but she also feels that there is not enough information about the features of the car. Her fifth choice is Toyota; she feels that it is not a very successful ad because it doesnt convince her to buy the car. She thinks that the car is too far, it needs to be closer and side wise, so that the customer can see the whole model. She also feels that the information that Toyota provides is very limited. Maya is the third person that I have interviewed. She is a 21 female that lives in Brooklyn, N.Y. She is a college student who lives with her parents. Her hobbies include, playing volleyball, basketball, and ice scatting. Mayas first choice was the Dodge Grand Caravan, because it caught her eyes to the information that she needs. For example, it provides the information that her and her family need. Her second choice was Toyota because she claims that its a pretty white car that does not qualify to the specific descriptions that a consumer might need. She feels that the theme is kind of cute but it doesnt really apply to the car. Her third choice was Suzuki, because she liked the motion, the ad captured her attention. She also liked the logo of Suzuki. Her fourth choice was Ford, because by looking at the ad she feels that the information that is given there is very suitable and reliable. Her fifth choice was Volvo, because it does not provide so many details like Dodge, its simple. Olga is a 24-year-old pharmacist from Brooklyn, New York. She makes approximately $60,000 a year and what interest her the most is medicine, design, and skiing. Olgas first choice as her favorite car ad was the Dodge Grand Caravan, because she liked the interior and the exterior design of the car that is suitable for the whole family. In her opinion she states that it is the best advertisement for the car. Her second choice would be Ford, because she feels that the ad portrays the message that you can drive anywhere and be everywhere. She said that in order for this ad to be successful it needs to add more information about the car (i.e. its features, price and qualities). Her third choice would be Suzuki, because you can see the car in motion. According to Olgas opinion she feels that in order to make the ad more successful the advertiser needs to change the appearance of an ad. For instance, the name Suzuki is on the side where it is not visible. Her forth choice would be Volvo, be cause she thinks that the ad claims that it can cross roads, cross borders, cross town and cross country. But she feels that the ad is lacking information about its features and characteristics. Her fifth choice would be Toyota; according to Olga, if I would see this ad on a certain magazine it would not capture my attention. Toyota is using such a theme that I think is so bizarre and so not attractive to the customer.Marina is a 26 years old college graduate from Brooklyn, New York. She works as an accountant and earn approximately $80,000 a year. Her favorite thing to do is read novels, listen to music, and go shopping. Her fist choice as a customer is Dodge Grand Caravan, because she feels that, by looking at the other ads it caught my attention directly. It specifies the information that I prefer to buy and would recommend my family and friends. Marinas second choice was Ford Expedition. She feels that this magazine advertising is breath taking because the view and the backgroun d is so beautifully captured which takes her attention towards the view, the car and also the description. Her third choice of the five advertisements was Volvo. She liked the view and how they positioned the car being in motion. Therefore, she feels that there was less description to this car or that this ad does not have the necessary availabilitys that she as the customer would want to find out. Her forth choice was Toyota. Well, she feels that the name itself sounds very attractive. She thinks that this ad is very simple, because the ad provides the picture, the slogan, and the phone number of Toyota dealers for people who have questions about the car. Her fifth choice was Suzuki, because of how it was captured in the motion between a car and two cheetahs. Therefore, it gives a direct info of how this car races promptly faster than the tow cheetahs. She feels that the background caption is really nice and simple because it in the desert. She also thinks, the typeface/logo that w as used to design this ad is stupendous. Richard Swinburne's The Problem of Evil: God's E EssayElena is a college student from Staten Island. She works as a clerk and earns about $20,000 a year. She likes to hang out, play volleyball and likes pets. Her first choice is Dodge Grand Caravan, because the ad offers a small television that is inside the car which is good for parents who have children. The disadvantage of this ad is that it has too much information and that there is just not enough time for busy parents to take time to actually read it. Her second choice is Volvo, because she likes the form of the car. She would like to know the price and the features of the car. She feels that this ad portrays the massage of reliability and safety. Her third choice is Suzuki, because it informs a person the stating price of the car. She believes that the background of the ad is suitable for this type of an advertisement. Moreover, the award shows that the car was approved by other people. Her forth choice is Ford Expedition, b ecause the ad creates this image that it can take you anywhere, under any condition. She believes that its a family car but she feels something is lacking from this ad, like the features inside the car. Her fifth choice was Toyota; she feels that there is not enough information (i.e. how many miles will the electricity last; how far can you go with the car). She believes that this type of a car is good for the environment because there is less pollution. The ad that I like the most is the Dodge Grand Caravan, because its a family car and it is in red which catches my attention very fast. Moreover, the ad contains a lot of details that explains the cars features and expectations. Unlike the Toyota ad, I think that Dodge Grand Caravan will sell the most. In the Toyota advertisement, the car is too far, it needs to be more closer and side wise so that it will catch the eye of the consumer. Second, I think that it would help to put the name of the car on the top rather than on the botto m so that the customer should know what brand name he/she is looking at. Furthermore, it would probably be a good idea to change the theme or the slogan of the ad because to me it doesnt make any sense. The reason why I feel that Dodge Grand Caravan would sell the most is because the ad provides adequate information about the car. But at the same time I feel that Dodge Grand Caravan has given a lot of information about the car that is unnecessary and time consuming. In my opinion a good ad needs to be clever, original, that should also sell. We can make a good advertisement work if we create a suitable theme/slogan, background that will set off this image in the consumer eye that its one of a kind and that there is no other product like it. If the advertisement for a particular product is small and has small print with wrong use of colors and textures then the ultimate consumer wont even notice the ad. I think that the appearance of a product does play a role in advertisement. Slogans#61623; Make every day good to the last drop(Maxwell House)#61623; Water, Reborn(Brita)#61623; Once you pop you cant stop(Pringles)#61623; Think Light(Merit cigarette)#61623; Open up to complete relief(Claritin D 24 hours)#61623; Pleasure, cleverly disguised as business(Northwest Airlines)#61623; This could cause you to shave a good 30 seconds off your shower. (Honey Nut)#61623; Come to where the flavor is (Marlboro)#61623; How to relax and unwind after sawing the world(Smirnoff)#61623; The force that pulls you together(Gravity, fragrance for men)1. Which of the 5 ads received the most favorable rank (lowest average)?The lowest favorable ads were Toyota and Volvo. 2. Which of the 5 ads received the least favorable rank (highest average)?Within the 5 ads consumers preferred the advertisement on the Dodge Grand Caravan, Suzuki, and Ford Expedition. 3. Which themes had the highest association scores?The themes that had the highest association scores are as follows: Once you pop you cant stop; How to relax and unwind after sawing the world; Come to where the flavor is; Water, Reborn and Make every day good to the last drop. 4. Which themes had the lowest association scores?The themes that had the lowest association scores are as follows: The force that pulls you together; This could cause you to shave a good 30 seconds off your shower; Pleasure, cleverly disguised as business; Open up to complete relief and Think Light.

B.F. Skinners theory, positive reinforcement essays

B.F. Skinner's theory, positive reinforcement essays In B.F. Skinner's theory, positive reinforcement is defined as a presented stimuli that works to increase or strengthen the probability of a response. An example of this would be a food treat for a dog in return for sitting behavior. A negative reinforcement is defined as the removal of stimuli that acts to increase or strengthen a response. An example of this would be yelling at a child to stop crying, and having the crying behavior stop. While the action of yelling was negative, the response was positive, in that the child stopped crying, thus increasing the likelihood that a person will yell to get the child to stop crying. Punishment is defined as an action to temporarily repress behavior, such as the removal of television privileges for a child who fails a class. This "punishment" would temporarily serve as a repression to the behavior of receiving bad Walden II, B.F. Skinner's world of utopia, is a model illustration of what needs to be done in order for humans to be happy, rather than just furthering the happiness of the ruling class or the majority. The idea that humans are born with nothing, that we are then the product of our history, and thus, that we learn all the problems we have, is a wonderful idea. If this were true, then Walden II would work: no one born in the world would learn the behaviors, and everyone who had previously learned them could simply unlearn them. Without social pressures, and with all needs met, there would be no need for corruption. In the modern world, however, this idea is just that: an idea. Even if all the technologies were in place, we now know, through modern medicine and psychiatry that some behaviors are inane, and thus very difficult to unlearn. While life in Walden II would be blissful, it would also be impossible. Secondary reinforcers are those that get their power from associations with primary reinforcers...

Thesis vs. Dissertation. How to Tell One From The Other

Thesis vs. Dissertation. How to Tell One From The Other If youve considered grad school- or simply know someone who has an advanced degree- youve likely heard about theses and dissertations. Both are long research papers that a student submits at the conclusion of his or her studies. Such papers are required in order to earn an advanced degree. But whats the difference between the two? Are the terms interchangeable? Heres the low-down. Are Theses and Dissertations the Same? According to thesaurus.com, thesis and dissertation are synonyms. Either word can be used to refer to a written discourse. Discourse is just a fancy word for a formal discussion (written or oral). Technically, the paper you write during your senior seminar as an undergrad is also a discourse. However, for clarity, people have come to use specific words to refer to papers at each level of education. An undergraduate usually writes a research paper for the senior project. A masters candidate writes a thesis. A doctoral candidate writes a dissertation. An easy way to keep the two graduate papers straight is to remember that both doctorate and dissertation start with a d. The goal of such papers, regardless of your academic level, is to assess what youve learned over the course of your school career. The paper begins with an idea that you have about something in your field. You would then do research on this subject so that you can find supporting literature or otherwise prove your idea. Along the way, your adviser will help you plan your research and guide you through any hurdles you encounter as you work on the paper. Ultimately, youll be judged on your ability to conduct research, your general knowledge of the subject matter, and your writing skills. The Differences Between Theses and Dissertations So are both papers exactly the same? Not really. Or, more accurately, not necessarily. The guidelines for a research paper vary from one educational institution to the next. Because a masters degree is one step below a doctorate, most schools have less stringent guidelines for the thesis, as you might expect. But a thesis at one university might be quite different from the thesis at another. All schools have their own standards and length requirements. Moreover, the requirements for a paper in one discipline of study can be quite different from those for another discipline. For example, an M.S. student may be required to perform some type of experiment or conduct a study that requires human participation, whereas this would be unusual for an M.A. in English or history. What Is a Thesis? In a thesis writing, your basic task is to analyze the previous works of established thinkers in your field. For example, if youre studying psychology, you may posit that an absent or inattentive father has a serious impact on his female children in terms of their ability to form healthy romantic relationships. You would then find existing literature that proves your hypothesis. Once you have finished drafting the paper, you will submit it to your adviser for a preliminary review. After youve made the suggested revisions, you will submit the new draft to a department head or director, who will approve or reject the paper. Keep in mind that most masters candidates who have followed the guidelines and worked diligently are not rejected. Approval is necessary for the awarding of the final degree. Dissertations Defined A dissertation asks a bit more of the student. Instead of focusing on the works of others to back up your idea, you will be presenting your own original ideas. Dissertation writing is more like an expert (you) writing a book. A committee will review your work, and then you will be appointed a time to defend your idea before them. The members of the committee will ask you in-depth questions about what youve written and how you developed your ideas. The panel may request revisions to the dissertation, after which you would go through another defense. Once the paper is approved, you will be qualified to earn your doctorate degree. Heres a simplified way of illustrating the difference between a masters thesis and a doctoral dissertation: A masters candidate could theoretically make his or her case by using the dissertation of another. Now that you know more about theses and dissertations, you can feel more confident about your applications to grad school, knowing what will be expected of you.

Organizational Behavior Forces Paper Term Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Organizational Behavior Forces - Term Paper Example These factors either independently or collectively possess a huge potential in building an organizations standing in the market. An Organization is a body comprised of several identities and particular structure assembled together under a single roof for the achievement of a particular goal or a set of identified objectives. As stated by Carter McNamara (2007), an organization is basically a group of people that are intentionally structured to achieve a complete and a common target of aims. These organizations can consist of either two to millions of people. This firm structure called as an organization possesses a great deal of factors that can affect it directly and indirectly as well. Similarly, an organization includes internal and external factors that can lay down several impacts and effects upon it. The internal factors possess the capability to inspire the organizational activities internally. Contrarily, the external factors can influence the organizational acts externally. The internal forces of an organization include the organizational mission, the structure and strategy of the organization, the organizational design, the organizational culture, the administration and the top team of the organization and many others. The organizational mission enables the basic standing of the organization. If the mission of a firm is strong and stable, the entire organizational team is focused towards achieving and accomplishing the goal. Contrarily, if the organizational goal is unidentified and unclear, the team shows no motivation and encouragement towards the goal accomplishment. The organizational structure and strategy are the essential forces that lay down the basis for the organizational development and progress (Burke, 1982). Through the strategy of an organization, all the team members can be bonded and united and can be motivated towards the attainment of the organizational goal. The

Standardization of Accounting Regulations Essay

Standardization of Accounting Regulations - Essay Example As a result of this, the effect of standardization of accounting must be regarded beyond capital market settings; therefore, these effects should also be examined on other areas, including flows of information, policies and people. Although the way standardization of accounting affects accounting information more especially on the internet is rather vague, these transfers are relatively unstructured and unregulated in current accounting practices. "However, technologies in accounting are legitimizing certain sets of information, and give attention to certain voices in the quest for global attention." (Graham & Neu, 2003) Such a body is the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), it assist the international governments handle tackle the economic, social, and governance challenges of a global economy. They scrutinize government and help examine such performance indicators as laundering, transportation, and pension. Also, they help to review process performance measurements both to observe and to direct government performance. The funding of internet information is provided largely by the U.S Department of Defense in the 1970s and 1980s, for the purpose of developing advance communications networks linking the U.S. militaries and universities, this is shaped by standardized accounting in the development of informational technical infrastructure. "Some other agencies that have helped fund Internet communication, like (The National Science Foundation and the Advanced Research Projects Agency) have also relied on accounting technologies to balance technical and economic goals." (Graham & Neu, 2003) Flow of policy Standardization of accounting has also helped to regulate foreign policies; accounting practices are most times imposed on distant sites. By and through the terms of lending conditionality, the receiving counties are coerced, albeit co-operatively, to adopt and accept mainstream neo-liberal financial policies. This scenario is evident in most third world where they are made to abide by the conditions of the lending countries. And I such cases financial assistance is given by IMF. Accounting technologies make visible certain problems, offer certain solutions, and make these solutions operational. In most cases, practices from international sources are thus mixed with resident financial practices of the country in concern so that the problem could be solved. Ultimately, this flow of policies will produced economic survival. Flow of people The standardization of Accounting has helped to keep track of people as they move from area to area. Movement of people are monitored and analyzed as they cross borders, and accounting is deemed to be a major player in the immigration policies and practices of many countries. For instance, an accounting system which manages loans to immigrants is in operation Canada. Citizenship and Immigration Canada (CIC) makes loans to immigrants in order to assist them in various ways, and such includes transportation, proving admissibility, and general assistance (Government of Canada, 2003, as cited in Graham & Neu, 2003). Thus, the movement of people into Canada are enabled and enhanced by accounting technologies. More also, these people are monito

Ford and the World Automobile Industry Essay Example for Free

Ford and the World Automobile Industry Essay Changes in the structure of the auto industry The 1965-1972 automobile industry was a low competitive environment, and as a consequence was a profitable industry. Indeed, during this period: ?Industry rivalry was rather low: ?The automotive market was fragmented into separate national markets and the primary concern of manufacturers was their domestic sales. As a consequence only a few competitor were disputing each market. ?The supply was meeting the demand in a correct manner: the production could provide the number of vehicles bought each year, without a major over-capacity. As a consequence, fixed costs were â€Å"under control†; no manufacturer was trying to gain market share in order to spread fixed costs over sales volume. ?Car models were much more differentiated that during the 2000’s. Several technologies were used in the various models available. As a consequence, models were considered as more unique by customer, hence a weaker tendency to switch between manufacturers. ?Suppliers power was almost inexistent, as manufacturer were much â€Å"vertical integrated†, to reduce costs and increase flexibility. Oil price was not a concern, with barrel under $15 during the whole period (expressed in 2006 US $). With no environmental concern, the substitution threat was very low. ?Low competition in national market and high capital costs were mainly responsible for the low threat of new entrant in each local market. Moreover markets were far from being global, notably due to the transportation problems, which were on the verge to be so lved : becoming global would have required at that time to completely reinvent the production process, as shipping components would have been excessively complex. Between 1972 and the beginning of the 2000’s, the world automobile market has faced a major upheaval, which primarily is due to one major phenomenon: â€Å"globalization†. The GATT and other international agreement have provided a framework for global trades, including the automobile industry. Moreover the slow growth rates of the industry provided incentives for manufacturer to look for new markets. This resulted in a major shift in the industry structure: ?The competition intensified during the period, The introduction of completely new manufacturers of market that used to be stable: the new production, management and transportation methods gave a boost to the competition atmosphere. ?Excess capacities were added during the 80’s and 90’s, when Japanese companies tried to enter foreign markets (and most notably the US), resulting in high fixed costs that had to be covered. This high fixed costs problem was reinforced by the rising new models development c osts. ?Car model standardization induces less differentiation, hence an easier customer switch between manufacturers. Moreover the fact markets have globally the same structure among different countries (luxury car/SUV/salient/low-cost cars) make it easy to compete around the world. ?Consumers have been requiring more â€Å"esthetic† personalization, requiring more flexibility in the manufacturing technology. That has reduced the benefits of economies of scale. ?New entrants have appeared and are still threatening to enter. Despite the major capital requirements to enter the automobile industry, several new competitors have emerged on each market segment during the last 40 years. On the one hand, developing countries have created national manufacturers, often protected by their own legislation before deciding to go global. On the other hand, existing multinational do have the cash required to enter new segment market, as the SUV example shows. ?The suppliers bargaining power has had a tendency to rise, and more and more manufactured decided to outsource the component manufacturing. This is reinforced by the fact that several component supplies have become as big as automotive manufacturers. Buyers have never been so well informed about models, performance, security concerns and innovation. As a consequence, major manufacturer have to constantly integrate new technologies into their cars, resulting in major costs. The automobile industry has undergone major changes in 40 years. The major increase in competition due to globalization, the industry structural changes and consumer evolution has made it much more difficult to generate profit. 2. Next 5 years struct ure changes? Observing the current automobile industry, one can try to predict some major trends that will characterize the future market. Competition will probably intensify above the current level, with several emerging countries on the verge of entering the world market (e. g. Tata Motors from India and Chery Automotive Company from China – see [3]). As a consequence, new major plants will probably being built by those new competitors, to provide the market with their own model, while existing leader will go on building their own on growing markets. So excess capacity will last. The price on war resulting will probably induce industry concentration, which will be divided into two different categories: on the one hand, one can predict mergers and acquisition, as it has existed until now, resulting in fewer competitors. On the other hand, closing of brands owned by international companies are likely to happen, because their profitability plummeted due in particular to lack of investment . From the customer point of view, several trends are to be noticed. First customer all over the world will become more and more concerned about environment. This problem along with the high oil price will force manufacturer to develop models consuming less gasoil, or using alternative energy sources. As a consequence, new model development prices are likely to get higher that now, requiring major investment. Second selling model to developing countries and lowering purchasing power in the western countries will provide incentive the develop new small and cheap models. 3. Future profits? As a consequence, it is likely that the industry will be less profitable during the next 5 years: intense price competition, heavy investment, major flexibility required by customers’ changing demand and personalization requirement will force manufacturer to lower their costs and profit as much as possible. 4. Successful companies As seen above, future leaders on the automobile industry will have to be: ?Able to face major investment costs, with available cash flow and not suffering from major high production costs, including for example the healthcare and retirement problem the 3 major US manufacturers are facing. Able to reduce prices as much as possible, by offshoring, reducing wages, automation and innovation in production management. ?Able to flexibly adapt their models to the demand. That requires production adaptation as well as deep understanding of the local markets, notably through a strong retail network. However, the evolution of transportation conditions and wages in developing countries (see [5]) will provide incentives for â€Å"near shoring†. Companies from BRIC countries will not as a consequence benefit from better costs conditions on their own countries, despite the developing costs will be under control. Moreover, developing an efficient retail network within 5 year is very strong challenge. To conclude, the companies that are likely to succeed on the world automobile industry during the next 5 years are production efficient and huge companies, which have already entered the major world markets and solved their major cost issues. 5. Ford solutions Where considering the three majors key points exposed above answering question 4, it can be deduced that Ford will have to face important issues to keep its position on the international automobile industry, especially with the new entrant threats. As a consequence, one major issue that Ford will have to address is the healthcare and retirements plans that lie in its balance sheet, and degrade its capacity to invest. Some great negotiation will unions will consequently have to occur. General Motors show a path during the year 2008 that could be used by Ford as well. As pressure on costs will still be prevalent, Ford will have to adapt its production tool. Some great effort on flexibility will have to be made, to be able to quickly react to the customer changing needs. May new factories need to be built, they should be placed near shore their target market. This strategy will allow cost reduction as well as adaptations to the local markets, which always show some important differences even if the market structure is often the same. To reduce costs, Ford will probably have to reduce its brands portfolio (for example to 3 or 4 brands in the US), to cover the whole industry market while lowering developing model costs and keeping fixed costs under control. Finally, one important point would be to get more important control over distribution channel, as it is a greater profitable industry that the manufacturer industry. Moreover, it appears from some analysis (see [8]) that the added value is mostly located into that area: customer can feel the differentiation there rather than on the pure manufactory area.

Philosophy’s Prejudice Towards Religion Essay -- Philosophy Philosophi

Philosophy’s Prejudice Towards Religion ABSTRACT: Religion acquired a bad press in philosophical modernity after a rivalry developed between philosophy and theology, originating in philosophy’s adopting the role of our culture’s superjudge in all of morality and knowledge, and in faith’s coming to be seen as belief, that is, as assent to propositional content. Religion, no longer trust in the face of mystery, became a belief system. Reason as judge of propositional belief set up religion’s decline. But spirituality is on the rise, and favors trust over reason. Philosophy could make space for the spiritual by acknowledging a difference between belief as propositional assent and religious faith as trust, a distinction lost with the mixing of Greek philosophy and Christian faith. Artistic or religious truth disappeared as authentic forms of knowing. But Michael Polanyi reintroduced knowledge as more than can be thought. Also postmodern and feminist thought urge us to abandon autonomous reason as so le limit to knowledge. We have space again for philosophy to look at openness to the spiritual. If spirituality confronts us with the mystery of the existential boundary conditions, religion may be a form of relating to the mystery that confronts us from beyond the bounds of reason. That mystery demands our attention if we are to be fully in touch with perennial issues of human meaning. At least philosophically speaking, religion has acquired a bad press in modernity. It may be explicitly rejected, simply not be talked about, or perhaps be discussed as an area of investigation. But religious adherents who explicitly involve their religion in doing philosophy are both rare and seldom respected. Much of this goes back to a history o... ...es. Grand Rapids, Mich., Eerdmans and Amsterdam, Rodopi, 1989. In the series Currents of Encounter. (3) See the earlier mentioned works by Neusner/Chilton and Cantwell Smith. (4) Hans Georg Gadamer and Thomas Kuhn also contributed to the decline of identifying knowledge with only true (propositional) belief, with assent to rational understanding. Barry Allen has recently taken up this theme in various articles. See for example "The Ambition of Transcendence," forthcoming in Religion without Transcendence? edited by D. Z. Phillips, London, McMillen, Claremont Studies in Religion; "Forbidden Knowledge," in The Monist, April 1996, 79,2, pp. 294-310; and "What was Epistemology?" in Rorty and his Critics, edited by Robert Brandon, London, Blackwell, 1997. (5) In the Ten Commandments sin spreads its effects for three generations, while love endures for thousands.

A Midsummer Night’s Dream- A Shakespearean Comedy Essay

Desperate lovers, mischievous fairies, bad actors, and a flower which causes love upon first sight-these are just some of the components that add to the comedic flavour of Shakespeare’s work _A Midsummer Night’s Dream_. The main elements of a classic Shakespearean comedy are clearly portrayed in this play. An identity mix-up of Lysander and Demetrius, continuous references to music and dance to signify happy events and finally a happy ending all help to prove that _A Midsummer Night’s Dream_ is indeed a comedy. The plot of a Shakespearean comedy often includes a mix up of identity. In _A Midsummer Night’s Dream_ Puck mistakes Lysander for Demetrius and rubs the love potion on his eyes. As a result, Lysander stops loving Hermia and instead falls in love with Helena. When Puck and Oberon find Lysander wooing Helena, Puck realizes his mistake and admits to Oberon, â€Å"This is the woman, but not the man.† (3.2.42). Puck’s mistake helps to develop the plot as well as bring out several comedic situations throughout the play, such as the quarrel between Hermia and Helena. This mistaken identity helps to make this Shakespearean work a comedy. Although Shakespearean plays often have tragic endings, his comedies end on optimistic notes, which are often signified through several marriages. _A Midsummer Night’s Dream_ ends with the grand marriages of Duke Theseus and the lovers Hermia and Lysander as well as Helena and Demetrius. Upon finding the lovers in the forest, Theseus decides to ignore Egeus’s will, â€Å"Egeus I will overbear your will† (4.1.177). and chooses to marry the lovers. He declares, â€Å"For in the temple, by and by, with us / These couples shall eternally be knit† (4.1.178-180). The lovers are elated and everyone at the court watches the mechanicals’ hilarious performance of â€Å"Pyramus and Thisbe† as a way to happily wait for their nuptial hour. This happy ending helps to keep the comedic air alive in the play. Throughout the play, several references are made to reveling through dance and song as a way to signify and bless happy events. This is shown when Titania asks Oberon to join her in blessing the marriage of Theseus and  Hippolyta. She asks, â€Å"If you will patiently dance in our round, / And see our moonlight revels, go with us.† (2.1.140-141). Through this quote, Titania refers to dance as a way to bring happiness to the marriage of the Royals. The dance and song throughout the play lighten the mood of the play, helping it become a comedy. The mistaken identities of Lysander and Demetrius, the reveling through dance and song, and the happy ending, which is symbolized through several marriages help prove that _A Midsummer Night’s Dream_ is indeed a comedy. The inclusions of these basic elements make a comical and entertaining play for all audiences to enjoy. WORKS CITED Gill Roma, ed. _A Midsummer Night’s Dream._ Great Clarendon Street, United Kingdom: Oxford University Press, 2005. A MIDSUMMER NIGHT’S DREAM: ESSAY PREPARED BY: RISHITA APSANI PREPARED FOR: MR.LANDRY DATE: 12/13/2007 Rishita Apsani English

A Glance Into The Mind Of Alzheimer s Disease - 1766 Words

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